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The Linguistics Journal
Formulaic language, word strings that appear to be mentally stored and retrieved as single units,
has recently been receiving considerable research attention. The present study explores the
functions of formulaic language in interactional discourse on the Twitter microblogging service.
Using Wray’s (2008) morpheme equivalent unit (MEU) definition and a diagnostic identification
criteria developed by Wray and Namba (2003) instances of formulaic language use were
identified in a dataset of the Twitter-mediated interactions of a group of English language
teaching (ELT) professionals. Data analysis drawing on prior studies revealed the functions of
formulaicity in these interactions. Based on the findings, it is argued that formulaic language
performed four main functions: to manipulate situations, to assert individual identity, to assert
group identity and to connect the meaning and structure of the discourse. It was also found that
users overwhelmingly chose formulaic language over novel constructions to help them achieve
their communicative goals. This study contributes to understanding of the crucial role played by
formulaic language in communication and may also be of interest to people interested in how
language is used to facilitate conversation-style interaction on Twitter.
Keywords: formulaic language, Twitter, morpheme equivalent unit (MEU), social interaction,
interactional discourse.
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